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Stromatolite is fossilized cyanobacteria with a sediment of fine grained calcite with thin bands of limonite, clay, and/or sand. Cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green algae, evolved in the Precambrian period, 3.5 billion years ago. The stromatolite-forming bacteria evolved shortly thereafter. They were likely responsible for the creation of earth's atmospheric oxygen in their process of consuming CO2 and releasing O2 through their photosynthetic metabolism.
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